Gaza City, the Gaza Strip – Palestinians in Gaza have reacted with a mix of scepticism and frustration to Israel’s rejection of a proposed 15-point plan aimed at ending the war and setting out a framework for the future.
The United States-backed initiative includes provisions for a phased Israeli withdrawal, the gradual disarmament of Hamas, a Palestinian-led civilian administration and steps towards humanitarian aid and reconstruction.
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But on Sunday, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Israel “rejected” the plan, saying its forces will not withdraw until Hamas is “genuinely disarmed”.
For Nesma Harazin, a displaced writer from Gaza City’s Shujayea neighbourhood, Netanyahu’s statement came as little surprise, as Israel continued to carry out near-daily attacks regardless of a so-called “ceasefire” agreed with Hamas last October.
“We are dealing with an Israeli occupation army that is capable of stopping these operations, but does not accept stopping them and continues to kill the Palestinian people,” said the 27-year-old.
Rather than a “real opportunity” to end Israel’s genocidal war against Palestinians, Harazin said the proposal has been US President Donald Trump and Netanyahu’s plan “from a long time ago”.
Harazin’s scepticism was shared by Mehdi Ahmed, a Gaza City resident whose family home was among the few in his area to remain standing.
“We are under occupation,” said the 53-year-old. “As far as we are concerned, any ceasefire is temporary.”
Since the October “ceasefire”, Israeli attacks have killed at least 1,258 people, bringing the overall number since the start of Israel’s genocidal war against Palestinians in Gaza in October 2023 to at least 73,386.
Ahmed warned that even if an agreement produced a period of calm, it might not last.
“Maybe we could sit here for a year without war, but I don’t think it will continue like that,” he said, arguing that the killings and the destruction in Gaza would shape future generations.
“The generations that are coming will not accept these kinds of solutions,” he said. “People who have lost their children, their parents and their families … you cannot expect them to simply forget.”
In a statement late on Sunday, Hamas said it remained committed to fully implementing the plan. It also urged mediating and guarantor countries to “assume their responsibilities” and prevent any “violations or breaches” that could obstruct the process.
The Gaza Government Media Office also blamed Netanyahu for what it described as a reversal of the negotiations and called for international pressure to prevent further escalation.
In a statement issued on Monday, the office said Netanyahu’s rejection of the 15-point document, along with demands including opposition to an Israeli withdrawal from Gaza, represented “a clear and unequivocal reversal of the negotiation track”.
‘We have no one’
But Ahmed said his experience of living his “whole life under occupation” and “in hardship” had left him unconvinced that years of negotiations could produce a lasting solution.
“They have been talking about these points for three years … are we going to spend another seven years talking about the points?” he asked, saying that Palestinians had been left without sufficient regional and international support.
“We have no one standing behind us to protect us. Why?”
For Harazin, a meaningful ceasefire would have to include the withdrawal of the Israeli army and an end to attacks, as well as a clear path towards reconstruction and the return of displaced Palestinians.
But following Netanyahu’s declaration, she said she feared further displacement and greater Israeli control over Gaza.
“If the ceasefire plan is rejected, the Israeli occupation army will carry out harsher operations than what we have heard about before in Gaza,” she said.
“Perhaps they will ask us to displace again to the southern areas. There are no buildings left standing in Gaza City.”
For Ahmed, the possibility of lasting peace is closely tied to the balance of power.
“When you are weak, there are no opportunities, and there is no hope,” he said. “Hope comes when you are strong.”
‘Hope in God’
Unlike Harazin and Ahmed, Ramez Haniyeh sees the proposed plan as a genuine missed opportunity to “end the war and the genocide”.
Haniyeh, who was displaced to Nuseirat in central Gaza after his home was destroyed, said he believed the proposal could have helped end the fighting and “stop the suffering” of Palestinians in the territory.
For Haniyeh, that would mean more than simply an end to Israeli attacks.
“Withdrawal, then reconstruction, and living with dignity,” he said when asked what he expected from a ceasefire.
But he fears the rejection could instead bring another escalation.
“I expect them to create a new target bank, so that things will escalate and there will be more bloodshed in the coming period,” he said.
Haniyeh described the humanitarian and economic conditions in Gaza as deteriorating, with widespread unemployment and many people unable to afford basic necessities.
“The situation is very bad, and it is getting worse every day,” he said. “There are some food and drink items available now, but there is no one who can afford to buy them.”
Despite his pessimism, Haniyeh said his hope rests on faith.
“I have hope in God, but there is no hope that this war will end,” he said. “It will continue until God relieves us.”
Despite her doubts about the proposal, Harazin said she also had “hope in God”.
“As long as we are Muslims, World War I ended and World War II ended too, so we have hope that the war in Gaza will end.”
